Vývoj realistického modelu lidských dýchacích cest

Development of a realistic human airway model

journal article in Web of Science

en

Numerous models of human lungs with various levels of idealization have been reported in the literature; consequently, results acquired using these models are difficult to compare to in vivo measurements. We have developed a set of model components based on realistic geometries, which permits the analysis of the effects of subsequent model simplification. A realistic digital upper airway geometry except for the lack of an oral cavity has been created which proved suitable both for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and for the fabrication of physical models. Subsequently, an oral cavity was added to the tracheobronchial geometry. The airway geometry including the oral cavity was adjusted to enable fabrication of a semi-realistic model. Five physical models were created based on these three digital geometries. Two optically transparent models, one with and one without the oral cavity, were constructed for flow velocity measurements, two realistic segmented models, one with and one without the oral cavity, were constructed for particle deposition measurements, and a semi-realistic model with glass cylindrical airways was developed for optical measurements of flow velocity and in situ particle size measurements. One-dimensional phase doppler anemometry measurements were made and compared to the CFD calculations for this model and good agreement was obtained.

V předchozích letech bylo vyvinuto mnoho idealizovaných modelů dýchacích cest, avšak výsledky získané jejich použitím je obtížné porovnat s výsledky získanými in vivo měřením kvůli různému stupni idealizace tvaru dýchacích cest. Z toho důvodu jsme vyvinuli nový realistický model na základě skutečné geometrie plic. Geometrie tohoto modelu je vhodná jak pro použití pro numerické simulace, tak i pro výrobu fyzických modelů pro in vitro měření. Článek se zabývá procesem vytváření digitalní geometrie modelu a postupy fyzické výroby realistického modelu opticky transparentního, dále modelu segmentového pro měření depozice aerosolu a výrobou semirealistického modelu pro optická i depoziční měření.

Numerous models of human lungs with various levels of idealization have been reported in the literature; consequently, results acquired using these models are difficult to compare to in vivo measurements. We have developed a set of model components based on realistic geometries, which permits the analysis of the effects of subsequent model simplification. A realistic digital upper airway geometry except for the lack of an oral cavity has been created which proved suitable both for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and for the fabrication of physical models. Subsequently, an oral cavity was added to the tracheobronchial geometry. The airway geometry including the oral cavity was adjusted to enable fabrication of a semi-realistic model. Five physical models were created based on these three digital geometries. Two optically transparent models, one with and one without the oral cavity, were constructed for flow velocity measurements, two realistic segmented models, one with and one without the oral cavity, were constructed for particle deposition measurements, and a semi-realistic model with glass cylindrical airways was developed for optical measurements of flow velocity and in situ particle size measurements. One-dimensional phase doppler anemometry measurements were made and compared to the CFD calculations for this model and good agreement was obtained.

model lidských dýchacích cest, tracheobronchiální strom, transport aerosolu, depozice částic, ústní dutina

Human airway model, tracheo-bronchial tree, particle transport, particle deposition, oral cavity

2012

17.02.2012

SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD

London

0954-4119

226

H3

197–207

11