Publication detail

Interaction of pressure swirl spray with cross-flow

CEJPEK, O. MALÝ, M. SLÁMA, J. AVULAPATI, M. JEDELSKÝ, J.

English title

Interaction of pressure swirl spray with cross-flow

Type

journal article in Web of Science

Language

en

Original abstract

Sprays are exposed to ambient flow in most of their applications, which alters the spray behaviour. The understanding of spray performance in realistic conditions allows for nozzle improvements, process intensification, or emission reductions. The present paper investigates the pressure-swirl atomizer operating at three Reynolds numbers in the inlet ports (Re-p) 960, 1330 and 1880, subjected to low-turbulence cross-flow with aerodynamic Weber number (We) from 0 to 7.1. High-speed visualization and phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) captured the characteristic shape and trajectory of the spray, droplet dynamics, droplet collisions, and spatial droplet distributions. An empirical correlation for a mean spray trajectory prediction was developed for a wide range of flow parameters. An analytical model of the droplet trajectory was assembled and validated using PDA data. The model accurately predicts trajectories for droplets larger than 40 mu m. A mutual interaction of droplets was investigated. Elevated cross-flow velocity (v) increased the impact Weber number and the total droplet collision rate and enhanced the droplet mixing. A bag breakup regime was observed for the liquid to the air momentum ratio (q) lower than 300. The bag breakup modified the initial droplet velocity. The experiments imply the formation of a complicated vortex structure around the pressure swirl spray in cross-flow.

English abstract

Sprays are exposed to ambient flow in most of their applications, which alters the spray behaviour. The understanding of spray performance in realistic conditions allows for nozzle improvements, process intensification, or emission reductions. The present paper investigates the pressure-swirl atomizer operating at three Reynolds numbers in the inlet ports (Re-p) 960, 1330 and 1880, subjected to low-turbulence cross-flow with aerodynamic Weber number (We) from 0 to 7.1. High-speed visualization and phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) captured the characteristic shape and trajectory of the spray, droplet dynamics, droplet collisions, and spatial droplet distributions. An empirical correlation for a mean spray trajectory prediction was developed for a wide range of flow parameters. An analytical model of the droplet trajectory was assembled and validated using PDA data. The model accurately predicts trajectories for droplets larger than 40 mu m. A mutual interaction of droplets was investigated. Elevated cross-flow velocity (v) increased the impact Weber number and the total droplet collision rate and enhanced the droplet mixing. A bag breakup regime was observed for the liquid to the air momentum ratio (q) lower than 300. The bag breakup modified the initial droplet velocity. The experiments imply the formation of a complicated vortex structure around the pressure swirl spray in cross-flow.

Keywords in English

Pressure swirl spray; Cross-flow; Pressure swirl spray trajectory; Droplet spatial distribution; Droplet collision; Conical liquid sheet; Bag breakup

Released

01.11.2022

Publisher

SPRINGER

Location

NEW YORK

ISSN

0935-1175

Volume

34

Number

6

Pages from–to

1497–1515

Pages count

19

BIBTEX


@article{BUT179247,
  author="Ondřej {Cejpek} and Milan {Malý} and Jaroslav {Sláma} and Madan {Avulapati} and Jan {Jedelský},
  title="Interaction of pressure swirl spray with cross-flow",
  year="2022",
  volume="34",
  number="6",
  month="November",
  pages="1497--1515",
  publisher="SPRINGER",
  address="NEW YORK",
  issn="0935-1175"
}