Posouzení transferu technologii na univerzitách v USA a související dopad zákona Bayh-Dole Act

Assessments of technology transfer activities of US universities and associated impact of Bayh–Dole Act

journal article in Web of Science

en

Patents and licenses are foundational to successful technology transfer in universities. In this article, the activities and performance of university patenting and licensing are studied to gauge the effectiveness of the Bayh–Dole Act (the Act), the most influential piece of US legislation on university technology transfer (UTT). Based on raw data from five sources, the annual numbers of patents granted, licenses signed, startup companies launched, and research expenditures are analyzed. Correlations are performed for all data presented to quantify trends over different time periods. We found that patenting and licensing activities in US universities slowed down greatly after 2000 and remained flat until the period from 2010 to 2012, when activities recover to the level of strength characterizing the period before 2000 and after the enactment of the Act. We identify that economic recessions is the major cause to the flatness of the patenting activities during 2000s. We also explain some of the differences found among different data sources and time periods.

Patenty a licence jsou základní pro úspěšný transfer technologií na vysokých školách. V tomto článku, činnosti a výkon univerzitní patentování a licencování, jsou studovány k posouzení účinnosti zákona o Bayh-Dole (zákon), nejvlivnější právního předpisu USA o převodu technologií (univerzitní UTT). Základní data z pěti zdrojů z ročních počtů udělených patentů, licencí, začínajících společností na trh, jsou analyzovány výzkumné výdaje.

Patents and licenses are foundational to successful technology transfer in universities. In this article, the activities and performance of university patenting and licensing are studied to gauge the effectiveness of the Bayh–Dole Act (the Act), the most influential piece of US legislation on university technology transfer (UTT). Based on raw data from five sources, the annual numbers of patents granted, licenses signed, startup companies launched, and research expenditures are analyzed. Correlations are performed for all data presented to quantify trends over different time periods. We found that patenting and licensing activities in US universities slowed down greatly after 2000 and remained flat until the period from 2010 to 2012, when activities recover to the level of strength characterizing the period before 2000 and after the enactment of the Act. We identify that economic recessions is the major cause to the flatness of the patenting activities during 2000s. We also explain some of the differences found among different data sources and time periods.

Bayh-Dole Act, licence, patent, Startup, transfer technologií, Universita

Bayh–Dole Act, License, Patent, Startup, Technology transfer, Universi

2014

01.12.2014

Springer Netherlands

0138-9130

101

3

1851–1869

19