Publication detail
Waste Availability, Successful Regional Strategies and New WtE Projects Shaping – The Benefits and Application of The Optimization Tool NERUDA
PAVLAS, M.
Czech title
Dostupnost odpadů, návrh úspěšných regionálních strategií a nových projektů WtE - Výhody a příklady použití optimalizačního nástroje NERUDA
English title
Waste Availability, Successful Regional Strategies and New WtE Projects Shaping – The Benefits and Application of The Optimization Tool NERUDA
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Original abstract
The paper deals with a recent important issue of possibility to simulate future changes in waste flows at regional and/or international level. The special attention is paid to the residual waste and promotion of its sustainable utilization by waste-to-energy (WtE). The shift towards more efficient utilization requires designing of wise regional strategies and investors’ volition to build and operate new incineration plants at the same time. For both policy-makers and operators, the prediction of waste availability in coming years represents a challenging task, especially in today’s dynamic world. Uncertain future changes in the population, waste production by households and share of exploitation of marketable forms of recyclables have direct influence on residual waste availability and its transport in the region. Moreover, waste can be transferred over longer distance for its energy recovery. In combination with uneven implementation of economic instruments (i.e. landfill and incineration taxation) in every region, previously mentioned aspects lead to different processing prices and form a competitive environment. This competition makes the decision-making process even more complicated. A sophisticated computational tool NERUDA, which can be used for simulation and optimization of waste flows from its sources to disposal sites in selected region, is introduced first. This tool is based on a comprehensive mathematical model (logistic problem minimizing the total cost) which is applied on a network describing existing infrastructure obtained from GIS. Next, the benefits of NERUDA are presented through practical examples. Namely, these are: (1) an analysis of waste streams distribution between key components (landfills, WtE plants and mechanical-biological treatment plants) considering future landfill taxation and/or banning; (2) risk-analysis for specific WtE in its conceptual development stage. The examples presented come from NERUDA tool application for a specific region (the Czech Republic).
Czech abstract
Příspěvek se zabývá aktuální problematikou možnosti modelování budoucích změn toku odpadů v regionálmím popř. mezinárodním měřítku. Posun v oblasti nakládání s odpady k více efektivním formám vyžaduje kvalitní strategie na úrovni regionů a současně musí existovat zájem investorů realizovat a následně provozovat nové spalovny. Odhad budoucí dostupnosti odpadů přitom představuje klíčovou otázku, kterou se zabývají jak investoři tak tvůrci strategií. Nejisté budoucí změny v počtu obyvatel, produkci komunálních odpadů a podíl využití na trhu uplatnitelných forem druhotných surovin mají přímý vliv na odhad dostupnost zbytkových odpadů a jejich transport v rámci regionu. Odpad lze navíc dopravovat na dlouhé vzdálenosti, pokud se jedná o jeho energetické využití. Tím vzniká konkureční prostředí, v rámci kterého je rozhodovací proces ještě náročnější. V příspěvku je nejdříve představen výpočtový nástroj NERUDA. Tento nástroj umožňuje simulovat tok odpadu od původců do koncových zařízení v rácmi regionu. Základem nástroje je matematický model (logistická optimalizační minimalizující zpracovatelské náklady), která je řešena na modelu infrastruktury zíáskané z GIS systémů. V příspěvku jsou díle představeny praktické příklady aplikace nástroje NERUDA a to konkrétně: (1) analýza budoucího toku odpadu mezi spalovnami, zařízeními MBU a skládkami za podmínky budoucího zákazu skldákování poopř. výrazného navýšení skaldákovacího ppoplatku (2) analýza rizikovosti konkrétního projektu ve fázi jeho koncepního návrhu. Příklady se vztahují z potřeb konkrétního regionu – České republiky.
English abstract
The paper deals with a recent important issue of possibility to simulate future changes in waste flows at regional and/or international level. The special attention is paid to the residual waste and promotion of its sustainable utilization by waste-to-energy (WtE). The shift towards more efficient utilization requires designing of wise regional strategies and investors’ volition to build and operate new incineration plants at the same time. For both policy-makers and operators, the prediction of waste availability in coming years represents a challenging task, especially in today’s dynamic world. Uncertain future changes in the population, waste production by households and share of exploitation of marketable forms of recyclables have direct influence on residual waste availability and its transport in the region. Moreover, waste can be transferred over longer distance for its energy recovery. In combination with uneven implementation of economic instruments (i.e. landfill and incineration taxation) in every region, previously mentioned aspects lead to different processing prices and form a competitive environment. This competition makes the decision-making process even more complicated. A sophisticated computational tool NERUDA, which can be used for simulation and optimization of waste flows from its sources to disposal sites in selected region, is introduced first. This tool is based on a comprehensive mathematical model (logistic problem minimizing the total cost) which is applied on a network describing existing infrastructure obtained from GIS. Next, the benefits of NERUDA are presented through practical examples. Namely, these are: (1) an analysis of waste streams distribution between key components (landfills, WtE plants and mechanical-biological treatment plants) considering future landfill taxation and/or banning; (2) risk-analysis for specific WtE in its conceptual development stage. The examples presented come from NERUDA tool application for a specific region (the Czech Republic).
Keywords in English
waste-to-energy; NERUDA; waste flow simulation; incineration
RIV year
2014
Released
01.09.2014
Publisher
TK Verlag Karl Thomé-Kozmiensky
Location
Neuruppin, Deutschland
ISBN
978-3-944310-15-2
Book
Thomé-Kozmiensky K.J, Thiel S. (Eds): Waste Management, Volume 4
Pages from–to
139–150
Pages count
11
BIBTEX
@inproceedings{BUT109960,
author="Martin {Pavlas},
title="Waste Availability, Successful Regional Strategies and New WtE Projects Shaping – The Benefits and Application of The Optimization Tool NERUDA",
booktitle="Thomé-Kozmiensky K.J, Thiel S. (Eds): Waste Management, Volume 4",
year="2014",
month="September",
pages="139--150",
publisher="TK Verlag Karl Thomé-Kozmiensky",
address="Neuruppin, Deutschland",
isbn="978-3-944310-15-2"
}