Course detail
Biomechanics II - Musculoskeletal
FSI-RBI Acad. year: 2021/2022 Summer semester
Basic parts of the human body related to the musculoskeletal system, their names, position and function. Basic elements of the musculoskeletal system, their description in terms of anatomical, physiological and mechanical. Bone tissue, types, physical and mechanical properties. Bone, definition, types of bones. Connection of bones, joint. Joint development, division of joints, movements in joints. Joint from a mechanical point of view, modeling of joints. Muscle division, muscle types, muscle attachments. Parts of the human body: lower limb, pelvis and connections on the pelvis, spine, upper limb, chest and skull. Description in terms of anatomical, physiological and mechanical. Health problems of the mentioned parts of the human body related to mechanical movement – fractures of limbs and their fixation, loss of joint function and their replacements, problems on the spine – growth, traumatology and degeneration and their solutions related to the biomechanics of the spine.
Supervisor
Learning outcomes of the course unit
Mastering the basic concepts of biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. Overview of mechanical properties of selected tissues. Knowledge of basic types of biomechanical tasks and problems in the field of skeletal muscle system. An overview of solved biomechanical problems at ISMMB and knowledge related to the solution of selected problems.
Prerequisites
Basic knowledge of Introduction to biomechanics RBA. General knowledge of human biology Basic knowledge of subjects of mechanics, especially statics, kinematics and elasticity and material science.
Planned learning activities and teaching methods
The course is taught through lectures explaining the basic principles and theory of the discipline. Exercises are focused on practical topics presented in lectures.
Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes
Active participation in exercises. The course is completed by a graded credit. The classification is made on the basis of quality elaboration of assigned tasks and the result of the final test.
Language of instruction
Czech
Aims
To acquaint students with parts of the human body in terms of biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. To define elements of the human body and relationships between elements in terms of biomechanical problems on individual parts. To acquaint students with the mechanical properties of elements of the musculoskeletal system and with problems in the field of the musculoskeletal system solved in the past and present at the Institute of Solid mechanics, Mechatronics and Biomechanics. As part of the exercise to deal with the solution of selected biomechanical problems and problems in the field of the musculoskeletal system.
Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences
Attendance at practical training is obligatory. An apologized absence can be compensed by individual projects controlled by the tutor.
The study programmes with the given course
Programme N-IMB-P: Engineering Mechanics and Biomechanics, Master's
branch BIO: Biomechanics, 5 credits, compulsory
Type of course unit
Lecture
26 hours, optionally
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
1. A brief history of the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system, milestones in medicine and the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. The first tasks of biomechanics solved by FEM. Computational and experimental modeling in biomechanics.
2. Biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system at the ISMMB, an overview of solved problems.
3. Mechanical properties of biological and technical materials in the skeletal muscle system. Samples for experimental modeling in biomechanics.
4. Connection of bones, tissues and joints. Distribution, movements and mechanical properties of joints. Models of bone joints and joints in biomechanics.
5. Pelvis and connection on the pelvis. Description, elements of mechanical properties and basic biomechanical problems related to the pelvis.
6. Hip joint, description, physiological and pathological hip joint. Basic problems biomechanica of hip joint.
7. Total hip arthroplasty. History, basic elements and types.
8. Lower limb, knee joint, ankle. Basic biomechanical problems related to elements of lower limb.
9.Fractures of the lower limb bones. Types of fixation and fixators, their advantages and disadvantages, in terms of biomechanice.
10. Upper limb, collarbone and scapula. Basic biomechanical problems related to the elements of the upper limb, collarbone and scapula. Shoulder joint and biomechanical problems with shoulder joint replacement.
11. Spine, functions, elements, movements, traumatological and degenerative changes. Fixation on the spine.
12. Chest, connection on the chest. Ribs, movements and fractures of ribs.
13. Skull, upper and lower jaw. Dental prostheses and dental implants
Computer-assisted exercise
13 hours, compulsory
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
1. Biomechanical problems of the musculoskeletal system, solved at ISMMB by computational modeling. Analysis of the level of computational modeling for selected tasks. Entering the first individual task.
2. Problems of experimental modeling in biomechanics. Biomechanical samples for experimental modeling.
3. Connection of hip join. Balance on the lower limb when walking slowly.
4. Pathological changes on the hip joint and their effect on the stress on the hip joint.
5. Solution of deformation and tension of the hip joint of the FEM. Assignment.
6. Solution of deformation and tension of the hip connection of the FEM with consideration of passive resistances.
7. Solution of deformation and tension of the hip joint of the FEM. Analysis of the result of models of different levels.
8. Development and examplesused endoprostheses.
9. Solution of deformation and tension of the hip joint with the total FEM endoprosthesis. Assignment.
10. Solution of deformation and tension of the hip joint with the total FEM endoprosthesis.
11. Solution of deformation and tension of the hip joint with the total FEM endoprosthesis.
12. Development and examples total kneies endoprothesis.
13.Credit test and credit.