Course detail
Turbomachinery
FSI-LLS Acad. year: 2021/2022 Winter semester
The course is concerned with the application of fundamental physical laws, above all hydromechanics and thermo-mechanics for the design and utilization of a large group of machines. The basic principle of these machines is transformation of thermal, pressure or potential energy into kinetic energy of fluid and the transfer of that energy to the rotor of the machine, and vice versa. Therefore, substantial parts of the course is focused on interactions between a real fluid flowing around or through bodies. Due to the high speed, relatively small machines reach high power outputs. Turbo-machines are used in a great number of applications and in a very extensive range of working conditions. The explanation on physical principles is accompanied with the design of turbo-machines.
Supervisor
Department
Learning outcomes of the course unit
The course makes students familiar with the knowledge about engineering usage of physical laws for construction and use of large group of machines. Students will learn which instruments have to be used by an engineer to reach goals in a best way with respect to the user and economical demands.
Prerequisites
Thermo-mechanics basics. Basics of energy industry.
Planned learning activities and teaching methods
The course is taught through lectures explaining the basic principles and theory of the discipline. Exercises are focused on practical topics presented in lectures.
Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes
Course-unit credit: Demonstration of concurrent study of lectured topics and efforts to use the knowledge from lectures in controlled application to simple tasks in the area of design of functional parts of turbomachines. Credit is conditioned by successful completion of the semester test.
Examination: The knowledge of used physical laws and their application in individual types of turbomachines is tested. Structural design of basic functional parts of turbomachines and connection of constructional design and used properties of these machines. Relation of working conditions of turbomachines and their design.
The exam is written, supplementary questions are oral.
Language of instruction
Czech
Aims
The course objective is to show students which measures is necessary to take for realisation of physical intention in a real machine and how is the construction of a given machine influenced by changes of conditions (type of medium, demanded power, pressure, temperature etc.) On the other side, students will learn how selected construction variant determines attributes and characteristics of a machine.
Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences
Semestral exam.
The study programmes with the given course
Programme N-ETI-P: Power and Thermo-fluid Engineering, Master's
branch ENI: Power Engineering, 4 credits, compulsory
Programme N-ETI-P: Power and Thermo-fluid Engineering, Master's
branch FLI: Fluid Engineering, 4 credits, compulsory
Programme N-ETI-P: Power and Thermo-fluid Engineering, Master's
branch TEP: Environmental Engineering, 4 credits, compulsory
Type of course unit
Lecture
26 hours, optionally
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
1-2. Turbomachine (introduction).
3-4. Essential equations of turbomachines.
5-6. Energy balances of turbomachines.
7. Relation between shaft work and internal work of turbomachine stage. Shapes of parts and materials of turbomachines.
8. Fundamentals of aerodynamic of blade profiles and blade rows.
9. Losses in turbomachines. Similarities of turbomachines.
10. Design of axials turbomachine stages.
11. Design of radials and diagonals turbomachine stages.
12. Water turbines and rotodynamic pumps.
13. Wind turbines and fans.
Exercise
26 hours, optionally
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
1. Reminder of some mathematical apparatus used in solving problems of turbomachinery theory.
2. Basic energy balance of turbomachines.
3. Velocity triangles; Practice of Euler equation for force acting on blades from fluid flow.
4. Spiral cases and bladeless diffuser; Calculation of assumed energy distribution in working fluid volume.
5. Determination of water turbine energy balance and calculation of suction length.
6. Calculation of steam parameters in a turbine.
7. Energy balance of turbomachine stage.
8. Calculation of radial fan blade geometry.
9. Determination of degree of reaction from given velocity triangle of steam turbine stage.
10. Selection of the most suitable type of water turbine for a given locality using the theory of similarity of turbomachines.
11. Basic design of radial fan impeller dimensions by means of similarity theory and optimization of similarity factors.
12-13. Replacing the pump in the pipeline with another.