Course detail
Environmental Technology
FSI-IET Acad. year: 2021/2022 Summer semester
The course is focused on the effects of energy transformations on the environment, especially on air. Students are acquainted with pollutants released or generated during combustion processes, greenhouse gases and climate change, mechanisms of pollutant spreading in the atmosphere and their impact on the environment. The course also includes basic information from the technology of dedusting, flue gas desulfurization and reduction of nitrogen oxides in flue gases (primary and secondary measures). The conclusion is devoted to the issue of recovery and disposal of products / residues of purification technologies (waste water, gypsum, fly ash).
Supervisor
Department
Learning outcomes of the course unit
The knowledge gained in the course will enable the student to orientate in the design of technological equipment to reduce the negative impacts of combustion on the environment, qualified management of the operation of small and large industrial power units.
Prerequisites
Knowledge of thermomechanics, energy boilers, fuel combustion and basic knowledge of atmosphere physics.
Planned learning activities and teaching methods
The course is taught in the form of lectures that have the character of explanation of basic principles and theory of the given discipline. The exercise is focused on practical mastery of the subject matter covered in the lectures.
Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes
Active participation in seminars, elaboration of reports (2 per semester). Attendance at a waste incinerator excursion The exam is written and oral.
Language of instruction
Czech
Aims
Learning outcomes of the course unit To acquaint students with the main pollutants arising in combustion processes during combustion of fossil and renewable fuels, mechanisms of air pollutants propagation and above all methods of pollutant elimination so that they have minimal impact on the environment.
Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences
Controlled participation in lessons: Exercises are compulsory. The student will be compensated for absence by agreement with the tutor. Lectures are optional.
The study programmes with the given course
Programme N-ETI-P: Power and Thermo-fluid Engineering, Master's
branch ENI: Power Engineering, 5 credits, compulsory-optional
Programme N-ETI-P: Power and Thermo-fluid Engineering, Master's
branch FLI: Fluid Engineering, 5 credits, compulsory-optional
Programme N-ETI-P: Power and Thermo-fluid Engineering, Master's
branch TEP: Environmental Engineering, 5 credits, compulsory-optional
Type of course unit
Lecture
39 hours, optionally
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
Components of the environment, air, composition of the Earth's atmosphere, physical properties.
2. Selected chapters of chemical engineering – condensation, absorption, adsorption, sedimentation.
3. Air cleanliness law, emission limits, industrial emissions of solid, gaseous, overview of energy emissions.
4. Origin and properties of emissions: CO, CO2, greenhouse effect, NOx, SOx, HCl, HF, secondary pollution, O3 in ground air layers, ozone depletion.
5. Origin and properties of emissions: PCDD, PCDF, PAH, soot, particulate matter, handling and storage of cinder and fly ash
6. Propagation of air pollutants, air turbulence, air stability, inversion, computational models of air pollution.
7. Elimination of solid pollutants: mechanical separators, gravity field, cyclones, construction, operation,
8. Elimination TZL: Filtration, textile filters, hose, pocket, Electrostatic precipitators (EO), principle, V-A characteristics, backflow corona, construction, operation.
9. Elimination of SOx: Flue gas desulfurization, chemical reactions, lime-limestone methods.
10. NOx elimination: primary measures, flue gas scrubbing, catalytic methods of NOx reduction.
11. Elimination of organic compounds and heavy metals,
12. Overview of flue gas and waste gas cleaning technologies from selected power and industrial plants
13. Utilization and disposal of residues from purification technologies – waste water, energy gypsum, End product, stabilizer
Exercise
26 hours, compulsory
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
Revision of the basics of thermomechanics.
2. Basic calculations of absorption, adsorption, condensation, evaporation
3. Balance calculations, concentration calculations, determination of air pollution concentration
4. Calculations of air pollutants propagation.
5. Stoichiometry + SO2, CO2 emissions for various types of fuel.
6. Determination of CO2 emissions from desulphurisation.
7. Fly ash and cinder balance. Settling, transport water purification.
8. Design of cyclone separator.
9. Calculation of electrostatic precipitator separation.
10. Waste gas scrubbing – balance calculations.
11. Design of technology of semi-dry desulphurization method – balance calculations.
12. Excursion to waste incinerator.
13. Control of fulfillment of conditions for credit and granting of credit.